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高中高一德育自我鉴定

高中高一英语Our Body and Healthy Habits教案。

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Module 1 Our Body and Healthy Habits
1. Lead in.
Class, tell me. When you are ill in hospital for a few day,who will pay for it? Your parents? It’s very bad. The health insurance company? Good, it’s much better.
Today we are going to learn about the health care system in three different countries. Now listen to the tape and try to answer the question:
What are the three countries?
---Britain, America, and Canada.
2. Well, all of you have done a good job. Now read the passage quickly and try to find the answer to this question:
Which health care system do you think is the best? Give two or three sentences to explain why.
--I think Canada has a better system, because health care is free. When you become ill, medical fees are paid for by the government.
3. Answer some more questions:
What’s the problem with the American system?
The problem is that poorer people don’t have the money to pay for private health insurance. As a result, they often have both health and money problems.
Why have there been problems with the British health care system recently?
This is because the government has not put enough money into the health service.
What’s the result of the problems with the British health care system?
More people are using private health insurance. They see doctors and the health insurance pay the doctors.
4. Deal with some language points:
1) pay for sth.
pay sb
pay money for sth
pay sb for sth.
pay off the debts
pay back
pay a visit to
pay attention to
2) begin with= start with
The conference began with a song.
end (up) with
to begin with 首先,开始
3) the first country to have a free health care system
4) be free to do
free of charge
I’ll be free soon.
The seat is free.
for free
set sb free
free from
free of charge
5) as a result
as a result of
result in
result from
6) through the health insurance company
7) the problem with this system
8) medical fees
5. Read the passage again and try to say something about the three health care systems.
6. Ask some students to tell about the health care system in China.
7. Homework:
Write a short passage about the Chinese health care system.

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高中高一英语《Friendship》说课稿


大家好!今天我说课的内容是高一英语新课程实验教科书必修1 Unit One, The first period。下面我就从教材分析、教法分析、学法分析、教学过程、教学评价五个方面进行说明。

一、教材分析

(一)教材的地位和作用

本节课是本单元以及本教材的第一节课,本课谈论的是:朋友是不是仅限于人类、朋友的真正含义、如何与人相处的问题等关于朋友的话题。本课涉及的有陈述句和疑问句的直接引语和间接引语的掌握和运用等语法要点。学生从初中到高中,来到一个新的学校,同学彼此陌生,不免想起老同学,老朋友。这样的话题正好能引起学生的兴趣。而且本课的内容和语法的启发性和实用性都很强,能使学生在学中用,在用中学,对综合提高学生的听说读写能力有较好的促进作用。

(二)教学目标

英语教学大纲规定,通过听说读写的训练,使学生获得英语基础知识和运用英语的能力,激发学生的学习兴趣,为进一步学习打下良好的基础。因此,我制定以下教学目标:

知识目标:1、掌握和使用陈述句和疑问句的直接引语和间接引语。

2、讨论朋友和友谊。

3、学习掌握本课的重点词汇。

技能目标:1、学会阅读的技能——scanningand skimming 。

2、通过谈论朋友和友谊,既锻炼学生的语言运用能力,又培养了学生发现问题、思考问题、解决问题的能力。

3、理解阅读文段,复述故事。

情感态度:1、患难之交才是真朋友。

2、知音难得。

3、海内存知己,天涯若比邻。

文化意识:认识德国纳粹党。让学生了解那段德国法西斯残害犹太人的历史,使学生在感受外国历史文化的同时自然而然的习得语言。

(三)重点与难点

重点:1、训练scanningand skimming等阅读技能。

2、认识朋友的真正含义以及与人相处的问题。

难点:1、阅读技能的训练。

2、陈述句和疑问句的直接引语和间接引语的互相转换(人称的变化、时态的变化、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化)。

(四)教具

本课利用录音机、投影仪等辅助设备,激发学生的学习兴趣,调动他们的积极性,为展开话题提供丰富的材料,使教学收到事半功倍的效果。

二、教法分析

在新课程背景下,教师要成为学生学习的促进者、组织者和合作者。本课采用讨论法,主要采用小组合作讨论的方式。在读前阶段我就提出问题,让学生思考讨论是不是只有人与人之间才可以交朋友,然后在阅读中通过安妮的日记向学生说明我们也可以与动物及无生命的日记交朋友。在深刻理解、充分训练的基础上,我再引导学生深入讨论几个与本课有关的话题,展开教师为主导、学生为主体的师生双边活动。通过创设真实自然的语言环境,使学生在语言实践中把语言知识和技能主动转化为交流能力,变苦学为乐学,从而培养学生大胆用英语进行交际的能力。

三、学法分析

教务于学。传统教育的弊端是教师“满堂灌”,只重视怎么教而忽视怎样学,结果高分低能的现象十分严重。为了改变教师牵着学生鼻子走的被动状态,我通过创设话题,寓教于乐,引导学生自学、自做、自助、自悟,让学生学会自己动手,收集信息、处理信息,用所学语言去实践和解决问题,使学生在运用语言的过程中感悟体验所学语言的规律,培养语言意识,积累语言经验,形成语言感觉,达到语言运用的目的。从而使学生真正成为学习的主人。

四、教学过程

新课程改革的核心理念是“一切为了学生的发展”。学生的英语学习不仅仅是掌握几个单词和句型,更重要的是学会运用语言来交流思想,办实事。因此我精心设计了以下教学环节:

(一)激趣导入,务于新知

一节课的良好开始,对于整节课教学的顺利进行起着至关重要的作用。在Warming up 部分我分四步进行:

1、用问问题的形式导入(屏幕显示)。同时板书Unit 1 Friendship。

Do you have any friends? Are you good to your friends?

Which kind of friend do you think is the best friend?

2、做调查:在Warming up部分有5个问题,我让学生独立完成。然后在屏幕上显示下列表格。

3、调查结果:显示各得分情况所对应的调查结果,让学生自行对照。

Grade 1 (5分以下) 直截了当,做事果断,没考虑不良后果。

Grade 2 (10分以下) 能用更合理的方法处理问题,又不伤朋友之间的感情,但自己的利益有时会受损。

Grade 3 (10分以上) 不伤感情,又能保全自己利益。

通过调查问卷的形式,引导学生了解日常生活中朋友之间发生的真实问题以及解决这些问题的方法,最后的问卷调查结果让学生兴趣和热情倍增,这样能促使学生很快进入语言学习和探究活动中去,愉快的进入学习状态。

4、学习三句谚语,使学生明确对待朋友和友谊的态度。

A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难之交才是真朋友。

Real friends are few and far between. 知音难得。

Long distance separates no bosom friends. 海内存知己,天涯若比邻。

(二)创设话题,教学新知

新课程指出,教师不再是居高临下的管理者,而是学生学习的促进者、组织者、合作者。

1、我布置pre-reading部分的几个问题启发学生对“朋友”和“友谊”进行思考,使学生明确不仅人与人之间可以做朋友,日记也可以成为人们的朋友。接着让学生就问题进行小组讨论。然后让个别学生回答问题。

接着屏幕显示我补充的问题:

Why do you need friends?

What do you think a good friend should be like?

Does a friend always have to be a person?

高中高一英语教案:Unit 9 Technology


Unit 9 Technology
一、重点词汇
1. toothpick n. 牙签 (short, pointed piece of wood, etc, for removing bits of food
from between the teeth)
2. press vi, vt. (push sth. strongly; push steadily against)
1) 压;按;推 He pressed the doorbell. 他按了门铃。
"Just press this button, and you'll start the engine."
只要按一下这个按钮便可启动这台发动机了。
2) 熨;熨平 I've pressed your trousers with the iron. 我用熨斗熨了你的裤子。
3)(常与up, round连用)挤 He pressed his way through the crowd. 他挤过人群。
4)(常与on, upon连用)迫;迫使;进逼 The debts pressed on him. 债务威逼着他。
5)(与for连用)敦促,力劝
She pressed her guests to stay a little longer.她极力劝说客人们再呆一会儿。
6)(常与on, upon连用)紧迫 Time presses. 时间紧迫
The problem of fuel presses for solution.这个燃料的问题急待解决。
We'll let you know if anything presses."如有紧急情况,我们会通知你的。"
3. teenager n. (十三到十九岁的)少年(a young person between 13 and 19 years old; aboy
or a girl in his or her teens)
Sandy is a very busy teenager.山迪是个非常忙碌的少年。
4. throughout adv, prep 各处,到处;遍及;从头到尾;全部时间
He is famous throughout the world. 他闻名于世界。
It rained throughout the night. 雨下了一整夜。
5. add vt. vi.
1) 增加 to add more hot water 多加点热水
Add a few more names of labourers to the list.名单上再加上几个工人的名字。
2) 加;加起来 If you add 4 to 3 you get 7. 四加三得七。
Add up these figures, please.请把这些数字加起来。
3) 补充说; 又说
I should add that we are very pleased. 我要补充的是我们非常高兴。
I should like to add that we are pleased with the test result.
我还要补充说一下,我们对测试结果表示满意。
6. latest adj. 最后的, 最迟的; 最新的, 最近的 the latest news最近的消息; the latest fashion 最新式样
7. calendar n.
1) 历法
From January 1st to February 1st is one calendar month.
从一月一日到二月一日是一个历月。
2) 日历;月历
Their five-year-old son is able to use the calendar to count how many days it
is until his birthday. 他们五岁的儿子能用日历数出离他的生日还有多少天。
8. remind vt. (常与of, to + inf, that连用)使想起;使记起;提醒
1) remind sb. Of / about sb. / sth 使某人想起某人/某事
2) remind sb. To do sth.提醒某人做某事
3)remind sb. That clause提醒某人某事; 使某人想起某事
Remind me to write to Mother. 提醒我给妈妈写信。
This reminds me of last year. 这使我想起去年的事。
please remind me that I must call her up before nine.请提醒我九点前给她打个电话。
The film reminded him of what he had seen in China.
这部影片使他回想起在中国所看到的一切。
9. appointment n.
1) 约定(会面时间或地点)
I made an appointment to see the doctor. 我约定好时间去看医生。
2) 职位 the appointment of a chairman 主席职位
10. behaviour n. 行为;举动
Everyone praises the children's good behavior. 每个人都赞扬孩子们的好行为。
11. obey vt. vi. 服从;顺从;听话
to obey an order 服从命令
They refused to obey. 他拒绝服从。
12. dare vt
1) 竟敢;敢 Don't dare do that again! 不要再这样胆大妄为!
2) 敢于;敢面对事物 He will dare any danger. 他敢冒任何危险。
3)(与to连用)挑战 He dared me to jump over the stream. 他激我跳过小溪。
13. emergency n. 紧急情况
The hospital has to treat emergencies such as car accidents.
这个医院处理诸如车祸一类的急诊。
In an emergency, telephone the police. 出现紧急情况时,请给警察打电话。
The patient was asked to ring the bell in an emergency.要求病人在有紧急情况时按铃。 14. whatever adj, pron
1) …什么就…什么
They eat whatever they can find. 他们找到什么就吃什么?
Whatever 常用来引导名词性从句或让步状语从句, 引导让步状语从句时, 可用no matter what
替代。
2) 无论什么,不管什么
Whatever(=No matter what)we said, he'd disagree. 无论我们说什么,他都不同意。
Whatever your argument, I shall hold to my decision.
不管你怎样争辩,我还是坚持自己的决定。
College students are seen doing whatever work they can find.
我们可以看到,只要有工作,大学生们什么都干。
Do whatever she tells you and you'll have peace.
她叫你干什么你就干什么,那你就太平了。
Whatever happens, the first important thing is to keep cool.
不管发生什么事,头等重要的是保持冷静。
You may do whatever you want to do. 无论你想做什么事,你都可以做。
Whatever you do, I won't tell you my secret.
不管你做什么,我都不会把我的秘密告诉你。
15. dial vt, vi
1)拨(电话号码)
put in the money before dialing.先投钱币再拨号。
2)(给某人)打电话;向某地通话
How do I dial London? 怎样拨电话到伦敦?
16. unexpected adj. adj.想不到的, 意外的, 未预料到
unexpected guests 不速之客;unexpected results未料到的结果
17.negative adj.
1) 否定的,否认的 a negative answer 否定的答覆;a negative vote 反对票
2) 消极的;无用的;无益的 negative attitude 消极的态度
negative advice that only tells you what not to do 只告诉你不要做某事的消极劝告
3) 没有迹象的;结果为阴性的
The test for bacteria was negative. 细菌试验结果是阴性的。
4)〈电〉阴性的;负极的 negative pole 负极
5) 减的;负的;负值的 a negative profit 减少利润; the negative sign 负号 18. clone n.无性系, 无性繁殖, 克隆; v.无性繁殖, 复制
human cloning 克隆人;to clone sheep克隆羊
19. interview n. 接见;会见
I thank you very much indeed for this interview.非常感谢你这次接见。
2) 采访; 面试 to go for an interview 进行面试
20. department n
1) 部门;部;司;局;处;系
English department 英语系
2)(某些国家的)县; 职责;专长
Advertising is my department. 我负责做广告。
21. electricity n. 电;电力; 电流 make electricity 发电
Do you use electricity for cooking? 你用电做饭吗?
22. planet n. 行星 The earth is a planet.地球是个行星。
23. defeat vt
1)打败;战胜
They were defeated in the football match. 他们在足球赛中输了。
2)使失败;使受挫 Our hopes were defeated. 我们的希望破灭了。
n. 失败;击败
The football team suffered a defeat. 该足球队被击败了。
24. force n.
1) 力,力量 the force of the explosion 爆炸力
You must use force to open that bottle. 你必须用力打开那个瓶子。
2) 暴力
The thief took the money from the old man by force. 小偷用暴力夺走了老人的钱。
3)〈物〉力 the force of gravity 地心引力
The force of gravity makes things fall to earth.地心引力使物体落向地面。
4)(pl) 三军武装力量
The air force is one of the armed forces.空军是武装部队的一种。
25. peaceful adj 安静的; 宁静的;安宁的; 爱好和平的
It's peaceful at home when the children are at school.
孩子们在学校上学时,家里就安静了。
26. succeed vi, vt (常与in连用)成功;达到; 完成
He succeeded in the examination. 他考试及格了。
His business has succeeded, and is making a lot of money.
他的生意很成功,赚了很多钱。
The astronauts succeeded in returning from the moon to the earth according to the plan.
宇航员们按计划成功地从月球返回到地球。
二、重点词组
1. stay in touch with = keep in touch with 和某人保持联系;get in touch with与……取得联系;
lose touch with… 与……失去联系; be out of touch with与……失去联系;be in touch with与
……有联系
2. call for 需要;要求;值得:
The occasion calls for a cool head. 这种场合需要冷静的头脑。
3. in case(of) 万一……; 如果发生……; 假使……
in case假使; 以防(万一); 免得。in case可引导一个条件状语从句或目的状语从句,还可单独使用,
置于句尾。例如:
In case of fire, ring the alarm bell.如遇火灾,既按警铃。
In case he comes, let me know.如果他来的话,告诉我一声。
You’d better take an umbrella in case it rains.(=It may rain; you’d better take an
umbrella just in case.) 可能会下雨,拿把雨伞,以防万一。
4. according to prep. 据;按照; 取决于;视…而定
lives according to her means 按他的方式生活
According to my watch it is 10 o'clock. 按我的表是10点钟。
pay is according to quality 依照质量付费
5.take over 接管;接替;继承
what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。
Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over (his job).我们的主席走了,因此杰克将接
管(他的工作)。
6. break down
1) 破坏;拆散
Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.
人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。
The peace talks are said to have broken down. (喻)据说和谈破裂了。
2)(机器)损坏 Our truck broke down outside town. 我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。
The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了。
3) 失败;破裂 Their opposition broke down.他们的反对意见打消了。
4) 精神崩溃;失去控制 He broke down and wept. 他不禁失声痛哭。
5) 起化学变化 Food is broken down by chemicals. 化学物质引起食物转化。
三、重点句型
1. I should be home in about ten minutes. 再过大约十分钟,我应该到家了。
should 在此的意思为“应该”,但在不同的语境中should有不同的含义,注意下列句子:
You should not use your cellphone in class.你不该在上课时使用手机。(表示要求)
I think you should think it over before doing it. 我认为你应该三思而后行。(表示建议)
We’ve got everything ready. There should be no problem.我们已经准备好了一切。应该不 会有问题了。(表示判断)
2. Modern cellphones are more than just phones—they are used as cameras and radios, and
to send e-mail or surf the Internet.现代的手机不仅仅是电话机—它们也当坐照相机和收音机
使用,还可以发送电子邮件和上网。
use A as B 把A用作B。例如:
In ancient times, people used stones as tools for farming.在古代,人们把石头用作耕作的
工具。
use sth to do sth用某物来做某事。例如:
In ancient times, people used stones to kill animals for food.
在古代,人们用石头来捕杀动物获取食物。
3. The answer seems to be that we have a need to stay in touch with friends and family no
matter where we are or what we are doing.答案似乎是:无论我们在何处或正在做什么,我们都
需要和朋友以及家人一直保持联系。
1) seem 似乎,好像,其用法及搭配有:
seem + adj., 如:
This problem seems complicated, but actually it is simple.
这个问题看似复杂,其实很简单。
seem to do
I seem to have seen him somewhere before.我好像以前在哪儿见过他。
It seems that…,
It seems that everything is going on well.好像一切正常。
It seems as if…,
It seems as if it’s going to rain.看来快要下雨了。
2) no matter无论,不管,后面常跟疑问词引导的从句,其意相当于疑问词后加ever。如 no matter
what=whatever; no matter where=wherever; no matter how=however; no matter when=
whenever例如:
No matter when (Whenever) I meet him, he is always wearing that old hat.
不管我什么时候遇见他,他总是戴着那顶旧礼帽。
No matter how (However) expensive the cellphone is, I’ll buy it because I need one
badly.
无论这手机有多贵,我都要买。因为我急需有个手机。
3. She says that her cellphone helps her do whatever she wants to do.她说她的手机能让她想
做什么就做什么。
whatever无论什么,不管什么,在句中用作连接代词,引导名词性从句。
With the money, you can buy whatever you want.有了这些钱,你可以想买什么就买什么。
类似用法的词还有:whoever, whomever, whichever等。如:
Whoever leaves the classroom last should remember to turn off the light before leaving.
不管是谁最后离开教室,都应该记住走之前关灯。
You may choose whichever you like.不管你喜欢哪个,都可以选。四、语法
现在进行时态的被动语态的用法
现在进行时态的被动语态是用来表示说话时或现阶段某一被动的动作正在进行,其表现形式为:
is/am/are/ + being + 过去分词。例如:
A、computer center is being built for the students.
The phones are also being used as cameras and radios.
五、例题分析
第一阶梯
单项选择
1. Mum will be back from work _______ half an hour.
 A. in B. after C. later D. before
2. ______ the money for protecting wildlife _____ now?
 A. Is; being collecting B. Are, collected C. Is, being collected D. Has, collected
3. The old machine _____ our difficulty to finish the work on time.
 A. adds up to B. has added C. adding to D. added to
4. ______ home alone after 12:00 in the evening.
 A. Do you dare go B. Dare you go C. Dare you to go D. If you dare go
5. He spent what he had _______ a cell phone.
 A. bought B. to buy C. buying D. had bought
6. Although they’ve never met, they _____ by e-mail for years.
 A. stay in touch with B. get in touch with C. keep in touch D. get in touch
7. Never give up, ______ great difficulty is.
 A. whatever B. whoever C. however D. whenever
8. _______ danger, you may call 120 for help.
 A. In case B. In case of C. When D. If
9. Mr White is one of the foreign experts who ______ in China.
 A. works B. is working C. has been working D. are working
10. The secretary reminded me _____ there was a meeting that afternoon.
 A. of B. about C. that D. on
答案与简析:
1. A in + 一段时间常与将来时态连用,after + 一段时间或一段时间 + later多用于过去时态。
2. C 本题考查现在进行时态的被动语态结构is/am/are being done,D选项的正确形式应为has
been collected。
3. D “这台旧机器增加了我们按时完工的难度。”add to意为“增加”,在句中作谓语,add up
to意为“共计”,add…to表“把……加在……里”。
4. B句中dare作情态动词, 其后接动词原形; 若作实义动词, 答案为Do you dare to go. D选项不能
构成疑问句。
5. C “他倾其所有买了一手机。”本题考查短语spend…(in) doing/on sth.
6. C stay/ keep in touch (with sb.)意为“保持联系”;get in touch(with sb.)意为“取得
联系”。 get为瞬间动词,不能与for years 连用。
7. C “无论困难有多大,永远不要放弃”。本题的考查目标为no matter how引导的让步状语从句,
此时no matter how = however,修饰形容词或副词。
8. B in case of 接名词,其余选项接句子。
9. D 本题考查定语从句中的主谓一致。先行词为experts,谓语动词用复数。 10. C 本题考查remind的用法。that后接句子,其余选项接名词或代词。
第二阶梯
完成句子:
1. 我爷爷70岁了, 却终日忙个不停。
My grandpa is _____ ______ ______ all day long though he is 70.
2. 你知道会上正在讨论什么吗?
Do you know _______ _______ ________ ________ at the meeting?
3. 成功需要勤奋。
Success _____ _______ hard work.
4. 无论我说什么,他就是不相信。
_______ ________ _______ I said, he wouldn’t believe me.
5. 听到这个消息,学生老师都高兴。
_______ ________ the students _____ _______ the teacher was happy at the news.
6. 王先生病了, 我已接管他的工作。
Mr Wang is ill, so I’ve ________ _________ his work.
7. 我苦思冥想,却未能想出一个好办法。
I kept thinking hard, but failed to ________ ________ _______ a good idea.
8. 在比赛中,Douglas成功地击败了其他的选手。
Douglas _____ _____ _____ all the other players in the match.
9. 竹子不仅仅用于建筑。
Bamboo is used for ________ _________ building.
10. 他似乎已经听说了这个坏消息。
He _______ ______ have heard the bad news.

高中高一英语教案:Great women reading


教学内容分析

本单元的中心话题是“(杰出)女性”,话题涉及谈论及你最崇敬的女性“妇女独自南极探险”,“美国电视黑人女主持人奥普拉·温茀丽的故事”等,语言技能和语言知识都围绕中心话题而设计。本节课为此单元的第二课时——阅读课。

“读前”(pre-reading)设计了三个有关旅行和南北极的问题,具体涉及极地探险、动物等内容, 能够诱发学生的探索精神和想象力。通过学生的讨论、探究,自主地发现下面阅读故事的背景,有助于学生正确理解文章的深层意思,真正体会主人公Helen Thayer的伟大。

“阅读”(Reading)材料是一篇记叙文,故事描叙的是作者Helen Thayer在她60岁时,独游南极洲的冒险经历。在恶劣多变的气候条件及险恶的地理状况中,作者在危急关头,虽感孤独恐惧,但表现出冷静、顽强、乐观的态度,最后克服险境。对学生今后的人生道路、心理素质、生活态度起到了陶冶和积极的导向作用。

Teaching Aims:

1 Train the students’reading ability.

2 Learn and master the following words and phrases;

1) Words: mile Antarctic threaten optimistic somehow shelter regret extreme climate value

2) phrases: struggle through threaten to do sth lie down be thankful for in good health struggle to one’s feet make a decision

Teaching Important points:

1. Improve the students’ reading ability.

2. Enable the student to understand the text better.

3. Let the students have strong wills and determination by reading the passage.

Teaching Difficult points:

1. How to improve the students’reading ability.

2. The use of some useful expressions.

Teaching Methods:

1. Discussion before reading to make the students be interested in what they learn in class.

2. Fast reading to get the general idea of the text.

3. Careful reading to answer some detailed questions.

4. Inpidual, pair or group work to make every student work in class.

Teaching Aids:

1. a map of the world

2. a tape recorder

3. a computer

Teaching procedures:

Step I Greeting and speech

Greet the students as usual and the student who is on duty give a speech before class.

Step II Lead-in

1 Do you like travelling ?

Where do you like to travel best ?

How will you travel ?

2 Imagine you are traveling alone to the South pole, what will you take with you ?

3 Why do polar bears never eat penguins ?

Step III Fast – reading

Ask the students to read the text quickly and silently, find the answers to these three questions .

1 How did the writer celebrate her 60th birthday ?

2 When was the writer is 60th birthday ?

3 Why did she say it was an experience she would never forget and would value for the rest of her life ?

Step IV Careful-reading

Ask students to read the text again carefully and finish three tasks:

1 Finish Exercise 1 of post-reading on page 32.

2 Fill in the form on the screen .

Time WeatherWhat did she do?/What happened to her?

began her almost 200-mile journey

3rd --11th

celebrated her 60th birthday

13th --21th----------------------

22th-----------------------

23th

----------------------

3. Do some T/F exercises on the screen.

1). She celebrated her fiftieth birthday by traveling alone to the South pole.

2). She went to Antarctica with the dog team pulling her sled.

3). Everything went all right during the first few days.

4). During the next week the wind grew so strong that it blew away her tent.

5). She had an accident after her birthday.

6). It was all her training that helped her out of danger

Step V Listening and Consolidation

play the tape for the students and ask them to read the text after the tape in a low voice, paying attention to the pronunciation and intonation.

Step VI Discussion

1. What kind of woman is Helen Thayer ? Describe her in a few sentences.

2. Do you admire her? Why ?

Step VII Reading together.

"If you have a goal without a plan, it's only a dream. Once you set a goal, you have to keep going. There have been a lot of times where I was determined to just take the next step. Those who can take that next step are the successful people in the world."

-------Helen Thayer

StepVIII Homework

1. Reading the text again and again after class.

2. Finish the exercises of Grammar.

Step IX Record after Teaching

高中高一英语Unit 17 Great women reading教案


教学内容分析本单元的中心话题是“(杰出)女性”,话题涉及谈论及你最崇敬的女性“妇女独自南极探险”,“美国电视黑人女主持人奥普拉·温茀丽的故事”等,语言技能和语言知识都围绕中心话题而设计。本节课为此单元的第二课时——阅读课。“读前”(pre-reading)设计了三个有关旅行和南北极的问题,具体涉及极地探险、动物等内容, 能够诱发学生的探索精神和想象力。通过学生的讨论、探究,自主地发现下面阅读故事的背景,有助于学生正确理解文章的深层意思,真正体会主人公Helen Thayer的伟大。“阅读”(Reading)材料是一篇记叙文,故事描叙的是作者Helen Thayer在她60岁时,独游南极洲的冒险经历。在恶劣多变的气候条件及险恶的地理状况中,作者在危急关头,虽感孤独恐惧,但表现出冷静、顽强、乐观的态度,最后克服险境。对学生今后的人生道路、心理素质、生活态度起到了陶冶和积极的导向作用。Teaching Aims:1 Train the students’reading ability.2 Learn and master the following words and phrases;1) Words: mile Antarctic threaten optimistic somehow shelter regret extreme climate value2) phrases: struggle through threaten to do sth lie down be thankful for in good health struggle to one’s feet make a decisionTeaching Important points:1. Improve the students’ reading ability.2. Enable the student to understand the text better.3. Let the students have strong wills and determination by reading the passage.Teaching Difficult points:1. How to improve the students’reading ability.2. The use of some useful expressions.Teaching Methods:1. Discussion before reading to make the students be interested in what they learn in class.2. Fast reading to get the general idea of the text.3. Careful reading to answer some detailed questions.4. Inpidual, pair or group work to make every student work in class.Teaching Aids:1. a map of the world2. a tape recorder3. a computerTeaching procedures:Step I Greeting and speechGreet the students as usual and the student who is on duty give a speech before class.Step II Lead-in1 Do you like travelling ?Where do you like to travel best ?How will you travel ?2 Imagine you are traveling alone to the South pole, what will you take with you ?3 Why do polar bears never eat penguins ?Step III Fast – reading

Ask the students to read the text quickly and silently, find the answers to these three questions .

1 How did the writer celebrate her 60thbirthday ?

2 When was the writer is 60thbirthday ?

3 Why did she say it was an experience she would never forget and would value for the rest of her life ?

Step IV Careful-reading

Ask students to read the text again carefully and finish three tasks:

1 Finish Exercise 1 of post-reading on page 32.

2 Fill in the form on the screen .

Time

Weather

What did she do?/What happened to her?

began her almost 200-mile journey

3rd --11th

celebrated her 60thbirthday

13th--21th

----------------------

22th

-----------------------

23th

----------------------

3. Do some T/F exercises on the screen.

1). She celebrated her fiftieth birthday by traveling alone to the South pole.

2). She went to Antarctica with the dog team pulling her sled.

3). Everything went all right during the first few days.

4). During the next week the wind grew so strong that it blew away her tent.

5). She had an accident after her birthday.

6). It was all her training that helped her out of danger

Step V Listening and Consolidation

play the tape for the students and ask them to read the text after the tape in a low voice, paying attention to the pronunciation and intonation.

Step VI Discussion

1. What kind of woman is Helen Thayer ? Describe her in a few sentences.

2. Do you admire her? Why ?

Step VII Reading together.

"If you have a goal without a plan, it's only a dream. Once you set a goal, you have to keep going. There have been a lot of times where I was determined to just take the next step. Those who can take that next step are the successful people in the world."

-------Helen Thayer

StepVIII Homework

1. Reading the text again and again after class.

2. Finish the exercises of Grammar.

Step IX Record after Teaching

高中高一英语教案:Unit 1 Good Friends


Unit 1 Good Friends
Teaching aims and demands:
a. Achieve language skills and related knowledge about the topic of friends and friendship;
b. Learn to express likes and dislikes and make apologies:
c. Vocabulary in this unit:
the words and expressions listed on the teacher’s book
d. Grammar:
Direct and indirect speech
Lesson 1
Step 1 presentation and discussion (warm-up)
put some new words on the blackboard and tell them something about a friend.
Kind honest brave loyal happy wise strong
beautiful handsome rich smart funny
Then ask some questions around the class and discuss with them.
What should a good friend be like?
What qualities should a good friend have?
Should they be funny, smart and strong?
Step 2 Reading
Ask the students to read the dialogue in the part SpEAKING. Ask some questions:
1.What doesn’t John like?
2.What does Joe think of music and skiing?
And then fill in the form on page 3.
Then ask the students to express their ideas freely. Encourage the students to say more about friends.
Step 3
Listening
Ask the students to listen to the tape and fill in the blanks in the listening part.
Step 4 Talking/practice
Ask the students to page 85. Make a similar dialogue as in exercise 2.
Some useful expressions :
Why did you…? Why didn’t you…? You said that you would…
please forgive me. You promised to … I’m very sorry… It won’t happen again. I forgot.
Step 5 Homework
Finish Exercise 3 in the workbook.
Lesson2
Step1 Revision
Ask several students to present a speech about friends as a revision.
Step 2 pre-reading
present the students a picture to illustrate the situation on a lonely island. Ask them to list three items in the box and ask them to give the reasons using the sentences listed on page3.
Step 3 Reading
Before asking the students to read the text, first give the students a brief introduction about Tom Hanks, his films and the film Cast Away.
Then students read the text, and answer the following questions.
1.How does Chuck Noland come to a deserted island?
2. In order to survive on the island alone, what does he need to learn?
3. What does he understand at last?
4. For us, what lesson we can learn from Chuck?
At the same time explain the language points if necessary.
Step 4 post-reading
Discuss the following questions in the part pOST-READING.
Step 5 Homework
prepare a talk about Tom Hanks or something about one of his film.
Lesson3
Step 1 Revision
Get the students to give a talk about Tom Hanks or something about one of his films.
Step 2 Language Study
Ask the students fill in the blanks with proper words.
Step 3 Grammar
Illustrate to the students the use of Direct and Indirect Speech.
Then ask the students to do the exercise in the part Grammar on p5.
Step 4 practice
Ask the students to act the exercise2 in the part Grammar out.
Step 5 Homework
Ask the students to finish the exercise2 in their workbook.
Lesson4
Step 1 Revision
Check the homework.
Step 2 presentation
present simples of e-mail to get the students a general idea of e-mail.
Step 3 Explanation
Tell the students some tips of writing an e-mail by learn the above e-mail simple.
Step 4 Writing
Ask the students to write an e-mail message.
Step 5 Homework
Ask the students to try to write an e-mail to their e-pal.

高中高一英语第十八单元教案:The necklace


科目 英语
年级 高一
文件 high1 unit18.doc
标题 Unit 18 The necklace
章节 第十八单元
关键词
内容
单元重点
Ⅰ.语言要点
accept, invitation, after all, continue, call on, day and night, pay back, at the most,
worth, not…any more
Ⅱ.日常交际用语
1. Where have you been all these days?
2. What happened?
3. We did have a good time.
4. Excuse me. I’ve lost a case I wonder if it’s been found.
5. Can you describe the case?
6. Where did you last have it?
7. We asked everyone there if they had found …, but without luck.
8. We couldn’t find it; it was lost.
Ⅲ.语法
疑问句的直接引语和间接引语
e.g.1. He asked if she was pleased.
2. She asked him how many people were going to the ball.
背景知识介绍
1.作者
Guy de Maupassant(莫泊桑1850—1893)was a well—known French novelist and short –story writer.在少年时他就对文学表现出了浓厚的兴趣,很小的时候开始写作,在30多岁成为著明的小说家,他的大部分作品讲的是人们的日常生活。1871年开始,他在政府部门就职,这期间他熟悉了政府职员的生活。这段经历帮助他创造出了他的短篇小说“项链”。他的作品简洁明了,讽刺运用得恰到好处。莫泊桑晚年承受疾病围绕,1893年病逝于巴黎。
2.有关这部戏的介绍
“项链”这篇课文是一个独幕剧,它包括三个人物:Mathilde Loisel, a yang woman;
pierre Loisel, Mathilde’s husband, a government worker; Jeanne, Mathilde’s good friend.
课文难点分析
1. Scene1 A park in paris ……walks towards her.
这部分用斜体表示,或象下文一样置于括号中,叫做舞台指导说明(stage directions )一般使用现在时态。戏剧一般首先介绍故事发生的时间(time)、地点(place)和剧中人物(characters)。在这一段中有了具体介绍。
2. …but I don’t think I know you. 我好象并不认识你。
I don’t think I should do that. 我认为我不该做那件事。
I don’t believe she will come. 我上信她不会来。
“think, believe” 这两个词的否定式在主句中表示,而宾语从句中的动词用肯定式。
3. In fact you do. 事实上你认识我。
=In fact, you know me. 为了避免和前面重复,所以用助动词代替。
e.g.①We all love singing, but he doesn’t. 我们都喜欢唱歌,但他不喜欢。
②Class 2 went to a picnic, but Class 1 didn’t. 2班去野餐了,但1班没去。
4. recognize vt. 认识,辨认
e.g.①She was so changed that I hardly recognized her. 她变得我几乎认不出来了。
②Harry recognized me in the crowd. 亨利在人群中认出了我。
5. Where have you been all these years? 这些年你上哪儿去了?
e.g. The teacher asked Jane, “You didn’t come to school, last week, where have you been?”
老师问Jane,“你上星期没来学校,去哪儿了?”
6. That’s because of hard work. 那是因为劳累。
e.g.①He couldn’t go further. That’s because of his wounded leg.
他不能再往前走了,因为他的腿受了伤。
②He cried because of the pain in his arm = He cried because he had a pain in his arm.
他因为胳膊疼而哭了。
because of后面跟名词在句中作状语与because加句子引导的状语从句意义相同。
7. Have times been hard for you? 这些年境况不太好吧!
times这个词我们以前见过:(morden times )表示目前或某种特殊时期的生活情况或环
境,可译作“日子”、“境况”、“时代”。
e.g.①He didn’t complain of hard times, but kept on working hard. 他没有抱怨时势艰难,相反的是一直努力工作。
②Students thought times are terrible in July. 学生们认为7月是一段难熬的日子。
8. But what happened? 发生什么事了?
happen take place. 没有被动式。
e.g.①I remembered the whole things as if it happened yesterday.
我记得整个事情,就好象是昨天发生的。
②──Why didn’t the boss come yesterday? 为什么老板昨天没来?
──An accident happened to him. 他出事了。
9. Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a
necklace of yours. 10年前的一个下午,我到你家借过一条项链,你还记得吗?
Ten year ago和由when 引导的定语从句一起修饰afternoon.
e.g.①Cart still remembers one afternoon in his first year when the professor took the students the Chemistry lab.卡尔仍然记得一年级时教授带学生到化学实验室去的那个下午的情景。
②There are thousands of starts in the sky that are like our sun.
天空中有成千上万颗像太阳一样的恒星。
10. I’ve written to accept the invitation. 我已经写信表示接受邀请了。
e.g.①I received a note, but didn’t accept it. 我收到了一张支票,但没接受。
②Jack received my letter, and accepted my advice.
Jack收到了我的信并且接受了我的建议。
③give sb. An invitation给sb发邀请(invite sb. to…)
refuse sb’s invitation. 拒绝sb的邀请。
11. I haven’t got an evening dress for the ball! 我没有参加晚会的礼服啊!
12. But, just this once. After all, this ball is very important.
不过就这么一次,要知道,这次舞会很重要啊!
after all“毕竟,终究,到底”。用来说服或提醒对方,引出对方似乎忘记了的某个
重要的论点或理由。
e.g.①They met with difficulties, but I hear that they’re succeeded after all.
他们遇到了困难,但我听说他们终究是成功了。
②She said she would not go to the ball, but she went there after all.
她说不去参加舞会,但最后还是去了。
13. I have no jewellery to wear. 我没有首饰戴。
dress和wear的区别:
e.g.①She always dresses in green. 她总是穿着绿色的衣服。
②Dress at once! 立刻穿上衣服。
③The mother dresses the baby everyday. 妈妈每天给小宝宝穿衣服。
而wear的宾语只能是鞋帽等物品,表示一种状态。
④He’s wearing a new coat today. 他今天穿了一件新大衣。
但不能说:Wear your clothes at once.
14. Can’t you just wear a flower instead? 难道不能就戴一朵花吗?
这是一个否定疑问句,表示吃惊,可能含有批评或责备的意思。
e.g.①Hasn’t Albert telephoned you? Albert还没有打电话来吗?(说话人认为Albert本该
已经打电话来了,但却没打,因此感到奇怪,并含有批评的口气)
②It’s getting dark. Can’t you walk a little faster? 天快黑了,你不能走快点吗?(说话
人觉得对方走慢了,含有责备的口气)
15. She married a man with a lot of money. 她嫁了一个很有钱的人。
marry sb. 娶了某人/嫁给某人。get married结了婚。
be/ get married to sb.与某人结婚,不能用 with.
e.g.①—Is Jack married? Jack结婚了吗?
—He got married last year. 他去年结婚了。
②He has been married to Mary for 3years. 他和Mary结婚3年了。
③Alice married a Frenchman. Alice和一个法国人结婚了。
16. So I called on you…
So是连词,用来承上启下,表示话语的逻辑性。“我想起你嫁了一个有钱人,所以就去看望你……”。
call on/ upon sb. visit sb.到家看望。
e.g.①It’s to years since I last called on my former teacher.
我最近的一次拜望老师已经是10年前了。
Call at sb’s house. 到家看望。
②“I’ll call at your house tomorrow morning. Are you free? “—Yes. You’re welcome.”
“明天我想到家去看望你,你有空吗?”“好的,欢迎”。
17. You tried it on and it looked wonderful on you.
你把项链戴上试了试,戴在你身上真是太好看了。
e.g.①Never buy shoes without trying them on first. 鞋子要先试再买。
②The tailor asked the girl to try on the new dress. 裁缝要那个小孩试一下新衣服。
try on: 试穿,试戴。
18. perhaps in those days I was. 也许那时候我是(个漂亮的姑娘)…
这是承上启下的句子,后面的表语可以省略,以避免重复,在口语中常见。
e.g.①She said it was a valuable necklace. It really was.
她说那是一条很贵重的项链,的确很贵重。
②“Are they in the park?” “I think they are.” “他们在公园里吗?”“我想是的”。
19. pierre and I did have a very good time at the ball.
我和波尔在舞会上的确玩的很痛快。
句中的did是助动词,在肯定句中用来强调它后面的动词。
e.g.①Do come here next Sunday. 下星期日一定来啊!
②I did agree with you. 我完全赞同你。
③She does keep her promise. 她确实一贯遵守诺言。
20. But that was the last moment of happiness in our lives.
但那是我们一生中最后的幸福时刻了。
21. On our way home…… that the necklace was not around my neck any more!
那天晚上在回家的路上,我低头一看,发现项链不再挂在我的脖子上了。
not ……any mere. 不再。
e.g.①Don’t make the same mistake any more. 不要再犯同样的错误了。
②She doesn’t live here any more. 她不再住在这儿了。
22. It was exactly like your necklace, but it was a different one.
那条项链的确和你的一模一样,但却是另外的一条。
句中的One用来指代前在的名词(necklace)。复数用ones.
e.g.①There are two books. The one on the shelf is mine. 这有2本书,书架上那本是我的。
②There are lots of dresses in the case. You can try on the ones you like.
箱子里有很多件衣服,你可以试穿所有你喜欢的。
23. During the next ten years… to pay back the money we had borrowed (= In order to return
the money which we had borrowed, both of us worked a long time every day in the next ten
years.)在后来的10年时间里,为了偿还这笔借款,我们两个不分昼夜地干活。
pay back作“偿还”,“还钱”解。pay back money to sb. pay back money for sth.
e.g.①“—I’ll pay back the money to you next week. Is it ok?”“我下星期还钱给你,行吗?”
—“That’s ok!” 好吧!
②“Have you paid back the money for the foods?” 购买食品的钱还了没有?
③They paid off all the debts on time. 他们按时把债还清了。
④Once we have paid off the store, we shall owe money to no one.
一旦把商店的钱还清了,我们就不欠任何人的钱了。
24. That’s why I come and ask for help. 这就是为什么我显得这样苍老。
“Why” 在这里相当于“the reason why …”即(为什么)…的原因。
e.g. He had stolen the necklace. That’s why he was punished.
他偷了项链,这说是受到惩罚的原因。
25. It wasn’t valuable at all. 它根本就不值钱。
at all“全然”“完全”。常用于否定句中“not…at all”“完全不”,“根本不”。 e.g.①She’s rather lazy, not at all suitable for the post. 她太懒了,根本不适合这个职业。
②I don’t believe her at all. 我根本就不相信她。
26. It was worth five hundred francs at the most… 它最多值500法郎。
be worth+sth. /doing sth.“值(多少钱)”
e.g.①This piece of jewelry is worth 0. 这件手饰值500美元。
②His suggestion is worth consideration / considering. 他的建议值得考虑。
③The museum is worth a visit. 那个博物馆值得一看。
27. He is now at the Lost and Found.
他现在失物招领处。
间接问句
直接引语如果是疑问句,变成间接引语时,有以下共同要求:
1.要把疑问语序变成陈述句语序。
2.主语的人称,谓语动词的时态以及状语要作相应的变化。
3.句末要用句号。
直接引语如果是一般疑问句,变成间接引语时,还要用if / whether引导。如果在引语中含有“or”,则只能用whether.
e.g.① He asked her, “Are you pleased?”
He asked her if / whether she was pleased.
②She asked me, “Have you finished the work?”
She asked me if / where I had finished the work.
③ Mother asked, “Will you stay at home or go with us?”
Mother asked (me) whether I would stay at home or go with them.
直接引语如果是特殊疑问句,变成间接引语时仍和原来的疑问代词。
e.g.① She asked me, “Where have you been all these years?”
She asked me where I had been all those years.
② He asked Tom, “What are you looking for?”
He asked Tom what he was looking for.
③ He asked me, “Why didn’t you stop her?”
He asked me why I hadn’t stopped her.
练习
请改写这个剧本。

高中高一政治教案:货币


教学目标


知识技能
货币的职能;阐释价格、商品流通、纸币、通货膨胀的含义

过程与方法
通过对世界现行货币的调查、了解并结合现实生活中人们对货币的不同看法,从货币的起源和本质说明应正确认识货币的作用,培养学生自己动手的能力和辨证的思维习惯。

情感、态度、价值观
培养学生对我国纸币的爱护及正确对待货币的态度。

教学建议

教材分析

一、关于货币的本质,教师可以结合对货币产生过程的分析来说明其本质。教师在解释本质时应着重抓住以下几点进行分析:

1、货币的含义。从含义中我们可以看出货币首先是一种商品,其次要看到货币还有和其他商品不同的地方是能够固定地充当一般等价物,而其他商品不具有这种属性。

2、货币和其他一般等价物又有着不同。能够充当一般等价物的有很多商品,但这些都不能固定充当一般等价物。只有当金银固定充当一般等价物的时候才产生了货币。

3、从货币的作用来看,货币可以和其他商品相交换,起到一般等价物的作用。

综合以上可以看出货币的本质是一般等价物。

二、关于货币的产生教师主要讲清以下几点:

1、货币产生的原因:社会生产力和社会分工的发展,使得交换越来越频繁和复杂化,这就需要一个交换的中介,正是在这个过程中货币逐渐产生。

2、货币产生的过程:偶然的物物交换、扩大的物物交换、一般等价物的出现、货币的产生。
对于这个问题教师可以以具体的事例并结合书中的图片来进行说明。

三、书*讲到了货币的五种职能,其中前两种是最基本的职能,即从货币产生时就具有的职能。因此,教师在讲课时主要抓住前两种职能。

1、价值尺度职能。这一职能指的是用货币来衡量一切商品价值的大小。这一问题主要讲清楚:

第一,货币为什么可以衡量其他一切商品价值的大小。这是因为货币本身也是商品,也凝结了无差别的人类劳动,也有价值。所以货币的这一职能实际上是用货币的价值衡量其他商品的价值。

第二,商品的价格。在这里应该弄清楚价格是用货币表现的商品的价值,也就是说价格是价值的外在表现。因此,价格的变化要以价值为基础,用一定量的货币单位来表现。

第三,价值尺度职能中,人们无须拿现实的货币来衡量商品价值的大小,只需要从观念上进行比较即可。因此,只需要观念上的货币。

2、流通手段职能。

第一,这是指用货币作为媒介来进行买卖商品。最初的商品交换是简单的物物交换,货币出现后,商品交换开始以货币为媒介。这时候,在商品买卖过程中,买和卖往往相分离,这就给买卖双方造成一定的困难。货币在此过程中所起的作用是交换媒介的作用。由于货币的出现,买卖不再是直接的从商品到商品的直接交换,而是从商品到货币再到商品。这个交换过程叫做商品流通。

第二,流通手段和商品流通的区别:流通手段强调的是货币在商品交换中所起的作用,而商品流通强调的是以货币为媒介的商品交换的整个过程。

第三,货币的这种职能必须是实实在在的货币,人们不可能用观念上的货币来购买商品。

3、贮藏手段职能。由于货币本身具有价值,所以可以作为社会财富的代表贮藏起来。在这里教师要让学生明白贮藏手段并不是指储蓄。

4、支付手段职能。这一职能是随着赊帐买卖的出现而产生的。教师只要讲清楚这一过程中货币的支付和买或卖并非现场交易,而是相分离即可。

5、世界货币的职能。这是随着世界经济的发展而产生的一种新兴职能,它是指货币在世界市场上起作用。

四、关于流通中所需货币量的公式主要抓住以下几点:

1、流通中所需要的货币量的公式是什么?它和哪些因素有关系?

2、什么是通货膨胀?它是怎么引起的?通货是指流通中的货币,膨胀是指纸币太多了超过了实际需要的数量。当纸币的发行量超过实际需要的数量时,就表明用更多的纸币代表一定量的商品价值量,也就是说单位纸币所代表的商品价值量减小,所能购买的商品数量减少;反过来意味着商品的价格上涨即通货膨胀。通货膨胀必然影响人们的生活。

3、纸币的发行量与商品价格总额成正比。商品价格总额上涨,纸币的发行量也要增加。因此,当一个国家经济增长时,商品的价格总额在上升,纸币的发行量也要相应增加,而一旦增加额超过了增长额就会出现通货膨胀。

?、纸币的发行量与货币流通次数成反比。如果纸币的发行量和商品价格总额保持不变,而加快货币流通次数也会引起通货膨胀。


5、如何有效控制通货膨胀。关于这一点教师可以让学生自己讨论,关键要从我国的实际出发,考虑到我国经济建设中所出现的问题进行讨论。教师可以应道学生根据公式来进行推论。从纸币的发行量上看出要控制纸币的发行,要使纸币的发行量与经济增长速度相适应。从商品价格总额和货币流通次数上引导学生明白要大力发展经济,并且应该采取必要措施使经济尽量作到良性发展。


在讲这一部分内容时,由于比较抽象,教师可以进行实例说明,这样让学生更能接受。


五、关于正确对待货币。


当今的市场经济时代,人们对金钱的看法可以说是千奇百怪,更加重视金钱的作用。而学生在社会的影响下对金钱也有着各种各样的看法。这一部分内容主要是对学生进行思想教育。教师可以预先对学生进行思想调查或者组织学生进行社会调查,了解学生的思想动态。针对学生在日常生活中所存在的问题进行思想教育。教育的形式可以多种多样,例如可以与学生进行谈心、开主题班会、带领学生参观革命伟人的故居等。在对待金钱的态度上关键要把握住两点:


首先,应该认识到金钱的重要作用。尤其在社会主义现代化建设的今天更应该充分认识到其不可替代的作用。


其次,应该看到在今天金钱也有着一定的消极作用。那种一味追求金钱,为了金钱可以出卖良心、道德、民族的、国家的利益的做法是不应该的。我们不可忽视金钱的消极作用。


在此过程中应该让学生学会辨证地看问题。培养学生树立起正确的金钱观。


六、关于纸币


首先,讲清楚纸币是在铸币的基础上产生的


其次,弄明白纸币的含义。在理解这个含义时应该清楚:


1、纸币是一种符号,它是货币的符号,代表货币执行流通手段职能。


2、纸币本身并没有价值,它只是代表着金属货币的价值。


3、纸币是国家发行的、强制使用的。其他任何单位和个人均不能发行纸币。


第三,讲明纸币为什么会代替铸币。即纸币和铸币相比较有哪些优点。这让学生看书即可。


最后,让学生了解我国的纸币情况以及当今世界上一些主要国家的纸币。


七、教学重点、难点


1、本课的教学重点和难点主要是货币的两种基本职能。


书*讲到了货币的五种职能,其中前两种是最基本的职能,即从货币产生时就具有的职能。因此,教师在讲课时主要抓住前两种职能。


(1)价值尺度职能。这一职能指的是用货币来衡量一切商品价值的大小。这一问题主要讲清楚:


第一,货币为什么可以衡量其他一切商品价值的大小。这是因为货币本身也是商品,也凝结了无差别的人类劳动,也有价值。所以货币的这一职能实际上是用货币的价值衡量其他商品的价值。


第二,商品的价格。在这里应该弄清楚价格是用货币表现的商品的价值,也就是说价格是价值的外在表现。因此,价格的变化要以价值为基础,用一定量的货币单位来表现。


第三,价值尺度职能中,人们无须拿现实的货币来衡量商品价值的大小,只需要从观念上进行比较即可。因此,只需要观念上的货币。


(2)流通手段职能。


第一,这是指用货币作为媒介来进行买卖商品。最初的商品交换是简单的物物交换,货币出现后,商品交换开始以货币为媒介。这时候,在商品买卖过程中,买和卖往往相分离,这就给买卖双方造成一定的困难。货币在此过程中所起的作用是交换媒介的作用。由于货币的出现,买卖不再是直接的从商品到商品的直接交换,而是从商品到货币再到商品。这个交换过程叫做商品流通。

第二,流通手段和商品流通的区别:流通手段强调的是货币在商品交换中所起的作用,而商品流通强调的是以货币为媒介的商品交换的整个过程。

第三,货币的这种职能必须是实实在在的货币,人们不可能用观念上的货币来购买商品。


2、货币与纸币比较表

区别

货币

纸币

定义

是从商品中分离出来的、固定地充当一般等价物的商品

由国家发行的、强制使用的货币符号,在商品交换中起媒介作用

职能

有价值尺度、流通手段、支付手段、贮藏手段、世界货币的职能

只是代替货币充当商品交换的媒介,即只具有流通手段的职能。

是否有价值

货币是商品具有价值

纸币只是货币符号,无价值。

高中高一英语《Unit 1 Friendship》说课稿


大家好!今天我说课的内容是高一英语新课程实验教科书必修1 Unit One, The first period。下面我就从教材分析、教法分析、学法分析、教学过程、教学评价五个方面进行说明。

一、教材分析

(一)教材的地位和作用

本节课是本单元以及本教材的第一节课,本课谈论的是:朋友是不是仅限于人类、朋友的真正含义、如何与人相处的问题等关于朋友的话题。本课涉及的有陈述句和疑问句的直接引语和间接引语的掌握和运用等语法要点。学生从初中到高中,来到一个新的学校,同学彼此陌生,不免想起老同学,老朋友。这样的话题正好能引起学生的兴趣。而且本课的内容和语法的启发性和实用性都很强,能使学生在学中用,在用中学,对综合提高学生的听说读写能力有较好的促进作用。

(二)教学目标

英语教学大纲规定,通过听说读写的训练,使学生获得英语基础知识和运用英语的能力,激发学生的学习兴趣,为进一步学习打下良好的基础。因此,我制定以下教学目标:

知识目标:

1、掌握和使用陈述句和疑问句的直接引语和间接引语。

2、讨论朋友和友谊。

3、学习掌握本课的重点词汇。

技能目标:

1、学会阅读的技能——scanningand skimming 。

2、通过谈论朋友和友谊,既锻炼学生的语言运用能力,又培养了学生发现问题、思考问题、解决问题的能力。

3、理解阅读文段,复述故事。

情感态度:

1、患难之交才是真朋友。

2、知音难得。

3、海内存知己,天涯若比邻。

文化意识:

认识德国纳粹党。让学生了解那段德国法西斯残害犹太人的历史,使学生在感受外国历史文化的同时自然而然的习得语言。

(三)重点与难点

重点:

1、训练scanningand skimming等阅读技能。

2、认识朋友的真正含义以及与人相处的问题。

难点:

1、阅读技能的训练。

2、陈述句和疑问句的直接引语和间接引语的互相转换(人称的变化、时态的变化、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化)。

(四)教具

本课利用录音机、投影仪等辅助设备,激发学生的学习兴趣,调动他们的积极性,为展开话题提供丰富的材料,使教学收到事半功倍的效果。

二、教法分析

在新课程背景下,教师要成为学生学习的促进者、组织者和合作者。本课采用讨论法,主要采用小组合作讨论的方式。在读前阶段我就提出问题,让学生思考讨论是不是只有人与人之间才可以交朋友,然后在阅读中通过安妮的日记向学生说明我们也可以与动物及无生命的日记交朋友。在深刻理解、充分训练的基础上,我再引导学生深入讨论几个与本课有关的话题,展开教师为主导、学生为主体的师生双边活动。通过创设真实自然的语言环境,使学生在语言实践中把语言知识和技能主动转化为交流能力,变苦学为乐学,从而培养学生大胆用英语进行交际的能力。

三、学法分析

教务于学。传统教育的弊端是教师“满堂灌”,只重视怎么教而忽视怎样学,结果高分低能的现象十分严重。为了改变教师牵着学生鼻子走的被动状态,我通过创设话题,寓教于乐,引导学生自学、自做、自助、自悟,让学生学会自己动手,收集信息、处理信息,用所学语言去实践和解决问题,使学生在运用语言的过程中感悟体验所学语言的规律,培养语言意识,积累语言经验,形成语言感觉,达到语言运用的目的。从而使学生真正成为学习的主人。

四、教学过程

新课程改革的核心理念是“一切为了学生的发展”。学生的英语学习不仅仅是掌握几个单词和句型,更重要的是学会运用语言来交流思想,办实事。因此我精心设计了以下教学环节:

(一)激趣导入,务于新知

一节课的良好开始,对于整节课教学的顺利进行起着至关重要的作用。在Warming up 部分我分四步进行:

1、用问问题的形式导入(屏幕显示)。同时板书Unit 1 Friendship。

Do you have any friends? Are you good to your friends?

Which kind of friend do you think is the best friend?

2、做调查:在Warming up部分有5个问题,我让学生独立完成。然后在屏幕上显示下列表格。

3、调查结果:显示各得分情况所对应的调查结果,让学生自行对照。

Grade 1 (5分以下) 直截了当,做事果断,没考虑不良后果。

Grade 2 (10分以下) 能用更合理的方法处理问题,又不伤朋友之间的感情,但自己的利益有时会受损。

Grade 3 (10分以上) 不伤感情,又能保全自己利益。

通过调查问卷的形式,引导学生了解日常生活中朋友之间发生的真实问题以及解决这些问题的方法,最后的问卷调查结果让学生兴趣和热情倍增,这样能促使学生很快进入语言学习和探究活动中去,愉快的进入学习状态。

4、学习三句谚语,使学生明确对待朋友和友谊的态度。

A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难之交才是真朋友。

Real friends are few and far between. 知音难得。

Long distance separates no bosom friends. 海内存知己,天涯若比邻。

(二)创设话题,教学新知

新课程指出,教师不再是居高临下的管理者,而是学生学习的促进者、组织者、合作者。

1、我布置pre-reading部分的几个问题启发学生对“朋友”和“友谊”进行思考,使学生明确不仅人与人之间可以做朋友,日记也可以成为人们的朋友。接着让学生就问题进行小组讨论。然后让个别学生回答问题。

接着屏幕显示我补充的问题:

Why do you need friends?

What do you think a good friend should be like?

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